what is asean contract

This is very important contract singed by indian goverment with asean nations.This is one of the major achivement of UPA govermnt lead by Dr.Manmohan singh.

ASEAN an overview

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ASEAN(The Association of Southeast Asian Nations)
was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok by the five original Member Countries, namely,
Indonesia, Malaysia,
Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.

The ASEAN Declaration states that the aims and purposes of the Association are:
(1) to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural development in the region and
(2) to promote regional peace and stability through abiding respect for justice and the
rule of law in the relationship among countries in the region and adherence to the
principles of the United Nations Charter.

ASEAN Member Countries have adopted the following fundamental principles in their relations with one another, as contained in the Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in
Southeast Asia (TAC):

* mutual respect for the independence, sovereignty, equality, territorial integrity, and national identity of all nations;
* the right of every State to lead its national existence free from external interference, subversion or coercion;
* non-interference in the internal affairs of one another;
* settlement of differences or disputes by peaceful manner;
* renunciation of the threat or use of force; and effective cooperation among themselves.

member countries (NOW)
=================
1.Brunei Darussalam
2.Cambodia
3.Indonesia
4.Laos
5.Malaysia
6.Myanmar
7.Philippines
8.Singapore
9.Thailand

asean and India
==================

This contract favours GATT(General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 24 Th article ;
which is all about ,

CONCEPT OF MOST FAVOURED NATION.
"This principle is the core principle in the GATT and it aims to eliminate discrimination in the world trade and to promote liberalisation of world trade. if a country gives favourable treatment to one country regarding a particular issue, it must handle all members equally regarding the same issue."

my view:


ASEAN contract pushes India to cut the rates of products import. This must do with in few years. Some countries allow time till 2019. exclusion list(negative table) is another term related to asean contract. This is a list that contains few products which are not included in 'free from import tariff'. 631 items included in negative table. coffee,tea,natural rubber are not included in this list. kerala opposition leader mr.Omman chandi points that it is possible to renew asean contract in each year.but practically this thing is not easy. because the asean follows the GATT contract this is all about tariff free treading. the next issue about this contract is about natural rubber. this is one of the major crops in kerala.UPA government include natural rubber in exclusive list.but they exclude rubber accessories from the list. fisher men in kerala cost fears that this contract sucks their daily income. alappuzha diocese already released a notice about this fear.

"finding new fields is good but a blind jump is not necessary now."

"actually we are going to face the race of big economical corporates,richer become rich average will be discarded"

More about:The Most Favoured Nation (MFN) principle is a cornerstone of the multilateral trading system conceived after World War II. It seeks to replace the frictions and distortions of power-based (bilateral) policies with the guarantees of a rules-based framework where trading rights do not depend on the individual participants’ economic or political clout. Rather, the best access conditions that have been conceded to one country must automatically be extended to all other participants in the system. This allows everybody to benefit, without additional negotiating effort, from concessions that may have been agreed between large trading partners with much negotiating leverage. Although the formation of Regional Trading Blocks has eroded the fundamental importance of the concept to some extent, it is still the most fundamental obligation on which the entire foundation of GATT and WTO rests. The MFN principle must be observed as a fundamental principle for sustaining the multilateral free trade system. Regional integration and related exceptions need to be carefully administered so as not to undermine the Most Favoured Nation principle as a fundamental principle of the WTO.

jto exam syllabus

Scheme and Syllabus for the Recruitment of Graduate Engineer Junior Telecom Officers [JTO] - 2005
"i post this for my cousin i think this may help full to people who does not want more info other than the syllabus. hope you enjoy with this post "

For Direct Recruitment of Junior Telecom Officers, an objective type Examination of 3 hours duration consisting of following sectional papers will be conducted:

* Scheme

A. Engineering Stream Paper - I

B. Engineering Stream Paper - II

C. General Ability Test Paper - III

1. The standard of paper in Engineering subjects will be that of Engineering Degree Examination of an Indian University.

2. In the general ability test, special attention will be paid to assess the candidate’s capacity for general awareness. The standard of paper in general ability test will be such as may be expected of an Engineering Graduate.
* 3. The syllabus for engineering stream papers will be as given below.
*

* SYLLABUS

PAPER - I

1. Materials and components

Structure and properties of Electronic Engineering materials, Conductors, Semiconductors and Insulators, Magnetic, Ferroelectric, Piezoelectric, Ceramic, Optical and Superconducting materials. Passive components and characteristics, Resistors, Capacitors and Inductors; Ferrites, Quartz crystal, Ceramic resonators, Electromagnetic and Electromechanical components.

2. Physical Electronics, Electron Devices and ICs

Electrons and holes in semiconductors, Carrier Statistics, Mechanics of current flow in a semi-conductor, Hall effect; Junction theory; Different types of diodes and their characteristics; Bipolar Junction transistor; Field effect transistors; Power switching devices like SCRs, CTOs, power MOSFETs; Basics of ICs-bipolar, MOS and CMOS types; Basics of Opto Electronics.

3. Network theory

Network analysis techniques: Network theorem, transcient and steady state sinusoidal response, Transmission criteria: delay and rise time Elmore’s and other definition, effect of cascading. Elements of network synthesis.


4. Electromagnetic Theory

Transmission lines: basic theory, standing waves, matching applications, microstrip lines; Basics of waveguides and resonators; Elements of antenna theory.

5. Electronic Measurements and instrumentation

Basic concepts, standards and error analysis; Measurements of basic electrical quantities and parameters; Electronic measuring instruments and their principles of working: analog and digital, comparison, characteristics, applications. Transducers; Electronic measurements of non-electrical quantities like temperature, pressure, humidity etc. Basics of telemetry for industrial use.

6. Power Electronics

Power Semiconductor devices, Thyristor, Power transistor, MOSFETs, Characteristics and operation. AC to DC convertors; 1-Phase and 3-phase DC to DC Convertors.

AC regulators. Thyristor controlled reactors, switched capacitor networks.

Inverters: Single-phase and 3-phase. Pulse width modulation. Sinusoidal modulation with uniform sampling. Switched mode power supplies.

PAPER-II

1. Analog Electronic Circuits

Transistor biasing and stabilization, Small Signal analysis. Power amplifiers. Frequency response, Wide band techniques, Feedback amplifiers. Tuned amplifiers. Oscillators. Rectifiers and power supplies. Operational Amplifier, other linear integrated circuits and applications. Pulse shaping circuits and waveform generators.

2. Digital Electronic Circuits

Transistor as a switching element; Boolean algebra, simplification of Boolean functions, Karnaugh Map and applications; IC Logic gates and their characteristics; IC logic families: DTL, TTL, ECL, NMOS, PMOS and CMOS gates and their comparison; Combinational logic circuits; Half adder, full adder; Digital Compartor; Multiplexer Demultiplexer; ROM and their applications. Flip-flops, R-S, J-K, D and T flip-flops; Different types of counters and registers; waveform generators. A/D and D/A convertors. Semiconductor memories.

3. Control Systems

Transient and steady state response of control systems; Effect of feedback on stability and sensitivity, Root locus techniques; Frequency response analysis. Concepts of gain and phase margins; Constant-M and Constant-N Nichol’s Chart; Approximation of transient response from Constant-N Nichol’s Chart; Approximation of transient response from closed loop frequency response; Design of Control Systems, Compensators; Industrial controllers.

4. Communication systems

Basic information theory: Modulation and detection in analogue and digital systems; Sampling and data reconstruction. Quantization & Coding; Time division and frequency division multiplexing; Equalisation; Optical Communication: in free space & fibre optic; Propagation of signals at HF, VHF, UHF and microwave frequency; Satellite communication.

5. Microwave Engineering

Microwave Tubes and solid state devices, Microwave generation and amplifiers, Waveguides and other Microwave Components and Circuits, Microstrip circuits, Microwave antennas, Microwave Measurements, MASERS LASERS; Microwave Propogation. Microwave Communication Systems-terrestrial and satellite based.

6. Computer Engineering

Number Systems; Data representation; Programming; Elements of a high level programming language PASCAL/C; use of basic data structures; Fundamentals of computer architecture processor design; Control unit design; Memory organization. I/O System Organization. Personal computers and their typical uses.

7. Microprocessors

Microprocessor architecture - Instruction set and simple assembly language programming. Interfacing for memory and I/O. Applications of Microprocessors in Telecommunications and power system.

PAPER-III

+ General ability test

The candidate’s comprehension and understanding of General English shall be tested through simple exercises. Questions on knowledge of current events and of such matter of everyday observation and experience in their scientific aspects as may be expected of an educated person. Questions will also be included on events and developments in Telecommunications, History of India and Geography. These will be of a nature, which can be answered without special study by an educated person.